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MR, CT imaging offer answers to questions about renal massThe widespread use of cross-sectional imaging techniques means that renal masses are now a common incidental finding. The term renal mass covers a diverse group of pathologic entities, including inflammatory, vascular, and benign tumors and neoplastic lesions. Most renal masses are simple cysts that can be characterized easily and require no treatment or follow-up. But approximately 25% to 40% of all renal cell carcinomas are diagnosed after the unexpected discovery of a renal mass.1 Around 85% of these renal cancers will be adenocarcinomas. Most of the others will be transitional cell carcinomas of the renal pelvis.
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CTA trauma scan detects blunt carotid artery injuryMultislice CT has changed the initial management of trauma patients with multiple injuries and now plays a central role in their primary diagnoses. Many radiology departments have implemented whole-body CT scanning for polytrauma patients.
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Attenuation physics rule DE imagingX-ray matter interactions in the diagnostic imaging energy range are dominated by photoelectric and Compton effects. Both interactions increase in proportion to electron density, which is proportional to physical density. In conventional CT imaging at 120 kVp to 140 kVp, the Compton effect predominates, and hence image quality is primarily governed by physical density.
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40-slice scanners boost neuro CT angiographyThe introduction of 40-slice CT scanners has opened up new possibilities for CT angiography of the supra-aortal vasculature. Imaging can be performed with even thinner slices, and more rapidly, than on 16-slice systems, and images have higher resolution. Conventional protocols for imaging the brain and its arterial supply must be adjusted to profit from these parameters.
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Image IQ: Food “Sticks” in Throat74-year-old woman complains of food “sticking” in her throat.
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Case Of The MonthA 13-year-old girl presents with abdominal pain, right lower quadrant tenderness, guarding, elevated lipase, and a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
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MR imaging throws light on causes of epilepsyAn epileptic seizure is the external manifestation of a functional cerebral disorder that can affect 10% of the world's population. Virtually any brain abnormality can irritate vulnerable neurons and produce epileptic seizures. The nature and characteristics of the seizure depend on the part of the brain involved in the disturbance.
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MR imaging throws light on causes of epilepsyAn epileptic seizure is the external manifestation of a functional cerebral disorder that can affect 10% of the world's population. Virtually any brain abnormality can irritate vulnerable neurons and produce epileptic seizures. The nature and characteristics of the seizure depend on the part of the brain involved in the disturbance.
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Multislice CT helps reveal lower limb pathologyPeripheral arterial occlusive disease is a chronic and progressive disease that is common in the Western world.
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MSCT moves ahead of DSA for peripheral arterial diseasePeripheral arterial occlusive disease is a chronic and progressive disease that is common in the Western world.
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Percutaneous ablation treats bone tumors safely, effectivelyAblation techniques have rapidly evolved and have been proved effective for treatment of benign skeletal lesions and, more recently, for palliation of painful metastatic skeletal disease. Treatment of primary bone lesions is largely restricted to benign lesions, such as osteoid osteomas, as a single-modality treatment or as an adjunct to surgical resection.1-4 The use of ablation techniques for treatment of metastatic disease has developed because of the often disabling pain cancer patients experience. This pain can persist despite use of conventional therapies, including external-beam radiation and opioid analgesics.5-8
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Imaging proves clinical value in cases of human toxocariasisHuman toxocariasis, or visceral larva migrans, is a zoonotic disease caused by tissue migration of the nematode larva Toxocara canis, a dog ascaris
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Focused ultrasound ablation offer prostate cancer optionProstate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death inU.S. men, second only to lung cancer. During2008, an estimated 186,320 new cases of prostatecancer will be diagnosed in the U.S.
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Environment aims to enrichinterdepartmental teamworkEnhancing collaboration with referring physicians is the focus of a major renovation currently under way at the University of Virginia Health System's radiology department.
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Diagnostic imaging utilization slowsThe dramatic growth of Medicare-related medical imaging utilization-which drew the attention of rate-cutting federal policymakers and the wrath of politicians on Capitol Hill in the mid-2000s-has ended, according to a study from Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia.
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MRI finds growing clinical applicationsFew MR applications have held greater promise and encountered bigger challenges than cardiac imaging. MR accurately depicts cardiac structure, function, perfusion, and myocardial viability with a capacity unmatched by any other imaging modality.
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CT angiography helps planendovascular aneurysm repairCT angiography of the abdominal aorta is a wellacceptedmodality in the evaluation of bothaneurismal and occlusive disease. In patientswith abdominal aorta aneurysms, it has a major rolein all stages of evaluation.
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Utilization management steps onto center stageThe rapid growth in imaging utilization over the last several years has drawn the attention of third-party payers from both the private sector and the government, which are now seeking ways to dampen the upward trends. Simply stated, imaging costs are rising faster than overall healthcare costs, making them stand out like a beacon for attention.
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Image IQ: 23-year-old Male with Elbow Pain23-year-old male with a known undisclosed disease presents with left elbow pain.
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MR finds widespread clinical use in MS diagnosis, managementMR imaging has provided important insights into the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis.1 Conventional MR scans afford only gross estimates of the extent and nature of tissue damage associated with MS,2 however, and the data correlate poorly with measures of concurrent disability in patients. Advances in MRI technology have improved the correlation of its findings with clinical status and increased the utility of MRI data as surrogate markers in monitoring disease progression and response to therapy.3 Newer techniques, such as magnetization transfer (MT), diffusion-weighted, and functional MRI, as well as proton MR spectroscopy and measures of brain and spinal cord atrophy, may help further elucidate MS pathology2 and provide opportunities for new treatment approaches.4
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Taking a Break from RadiologyAs the hours of work grow, I lose time to take care of myself, and it takes a toll on me. Taking a break brings me peace, which I take back to work.
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Prostate imagers await 3T endorectal coilsUnder the best of circumstances, 3T imaging of the prostate with a body coil can approximate the level of detail and sensitivity available at 1.5T with an endorectal coil. Researchers hope that with a 3T-oriented endorectal coil they will finally be able to take advantage of 3T's higher resolution in a challenging portion of the anatomy.
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Olympics organizers put emphasis on technologyThe countdown to the August 2008 Beijing Olympic Games continues, but as excitement levels across China grow with each passing week, Prof. Jian-Ping Dai is not yet ready to celebrate. As the vice director of the Games Service Department of the Beijing Organisation Committee for the Olympic Games (BOCOG), he is working tirelessly to develop a comprehensive and sophisticated infrastructure to help ensure the health of the more than 16,000 athletes expected to participate.
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Three-D techniques showcase the pancreas and biliaryThe advent of multislice CT, advanced computer workstations, and 3D and postprocessing algorithms has allowed for new perspectives from which to view imaging data. These are especially useful for pancreatic cancer and biliary pathology.
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Ultrasound/fine-needle aspiration diagnoses melanoma metastasesUltrasound plus confirmatory fine-needle aspiration cytology can reliably diagnose melanoma metastases, including those less than 6 mm in diameter. Use of the technique enabled over 12% of patients with lymph node metastases to undergo immediate lymph node dissection without the need for prior sentinel node dissection, according to a German study presented at the 2005 American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting in Orlando, Florida.
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Inguinal SwellingCase History: 65-year-old male with swelling of left inguinal region for two months.
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Headache, SeizuresCase History: 47-year-old male with headaches followed by generalized tonic-clonic convulsions.
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Two Oil CystsClinical History: A female in her early 30s presented to the women’s imaging department. The patient has a history of a bilateral breast lift and breast implants.
