Advances in AI — May 2024

Convolutional neural network-enabled segmentation of brain MRI offered a 25.7 percent higher specificity than a radiomic model for differentiating radionecrosis and metastatic progression in patients treated with stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases.

In the third episode of a three-part podcast, Anand Narayan, M.D., Ph.D., and Amy Patel, M.D., discuss the challenges of expanded breast cancer screening amid a backdrop of radiologist shortages and ever-increasing volume on radiology worklists.

A CT-based radiomic model offered over 10 percent higher specificity and positive predictive value for high-risk lung adenocarcinoma in comparison to a radiographic model, according to external validation testing in a recent study.

In the second episode of a three-part podcast, Anand Narayan, M.D., Ph.D., and Amy Patel, M.D., discuss recent studies published by the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) that suggested moving to more of a risk-adapted model for mammography screening.

The authors of a new study found that deep learning assessment of single-phase CT scans provides comparable within-one stage accuracies to multiphase CT for detecting and staging chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

For patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease (CAD) without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), researchers found that those with a normal CTA-derived quantitative flow ratio (CT-QFR) had a 22 percent higher MACE-free survival rate.